Koj Stamping Die Punches Hnav nrawm dhau: Nov yog qhov kho tiag tiag

Jun 27, 2026

Tso lus

hardened steel stamping die punches with various point geometries used in metal forming operations

Dab tsi yog Stamping Tuag Punches thiab Vim Li Cas Lawv Tseem Ceeb

Stamping tuag punchesyog cov cuab yeej hardened steel uas lub cev tiv tauj thiab hloov cov ntawv hlau thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm xovxwm. Xav txog kev xuas nrig ntaus raws li tus txiv neej cov khoom ntawm lub punch thiab tuag teeb: nws nqis mus rau hauv qhov sib txuam poj niam qhib (qhov tuag thaiv) rau shear, daim ntawv, los yog tshem tawm cov khoom mus rau hauv ib tug tiav lawm duab. Txhua lub qhov, notch, thiab contour nyob rau hauv ib tug stamped ib feem pib nrog txiav ntug ntawm ib tug tuag punch ua nws txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tonnage.

Punches tsuas yog ib qho ntawm cov kab ke loj dua. Strippers tuav daim ntawv tiaj tus thiab rub nws tawm ntawm lub punch thaum lub sij hawm retraction. Pilots nrhiav lub sawb precisely ntawm chaw nres tsheb mus rau chaw nres tsheb. Lifters tsa cov khoom nruab nrab ntawm strokes kom nws tuaj yeem ua ntej. Txhua yam ntawm cov stamping tuag no ua lub luag haujlwm txhawb nqa, tab sis lub punch nws tus kheej ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom hloov pauv.

Dab tsi yog Stamping Tuag Punch Ua Tau

Thaum cov xovxwm ram tsav lub punch downward, txiav ntug pib ib pob tawg rau saum npoo ntawm daim ntawv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov tuag thaiv ntug pib qhov sib txuam tawg ntawm hauv qab. Nrog kev tshem tawm kom raug, ob txoj kab tawg no sib ntsib hauv nruab nrab, ua kom muaj kev sib cais huv si nrog tsawg kawg burr. Qhov tshwm sim yog peb - cheeb tsam txiav ntug: me ntsis rollover nyob rau sab saum toj, ib tug du burnished band qhov twg shearing tshwm sim, thiab ib tug rougher fracture tsam qhov tawg propagated los ntawm cov seem thickness. Qhov no shearing mechanism yog dab tsi ua rau hlau stamping tuag thiaj li ua tau zoo ntawm kev tsim ntau txhiab qhov hauv ib teev nrog rov ua tau zoo.

Qhov twg Punches haum nyob rau hauv lub Tuag los ua ke

Txhawm rau kom nkag siab tias lub punch ua haujlwm li cas, koj yuav xav pom qhov twg nws nyob hauv lub rooj sib txoos hlau tuag. Nov yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm sab saum toj mus rau hauv qab:

  • Nkawm khau- lub phaj saum toj kawg nkaus uas txuas rau lub xovxwm ram thiab nqa tag nrho sab saud - ib nrab cuab yeej
  • Punch phaj (retainer)- tuav cov punches tuag nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm ruaj khov rau ib leeg
  • Punch- cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm uas hu rau cov ntawv hlau
  • stripper- clamps cov khoom tiaj tus thiab strips nws tawm ntawm lub punch thaum lub sij hawm retraction
  • Tuag thaiv- muaj cov mating opens uas muab qhov kev tawm tsam txiav ntug
  • Nkawm khau qis- lub phaj hauv qab uas bolts rau cov xovxwm bolster

Cov khau tuag muab cov qauv rigidity rau tag nrho lub rooj sib txoos, thiab txhua qhov deflection lossis misalignment ntawm qib cascades ncaj qha rau hauv kev ua haujlwm punch. Qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev sib dhos thiab cov cuab yeej txiav yog qhov tseeb vim li cas punch zoo tsav txhua yam hauv qab: qhov tseeb qhov tseeb, ntug qhov siab, qhov siab qhov siab, thiab thaum kawg muaj pes tsawg hits koj tau txais ua ntej lub cuab yeej xav tau kev saib xyuas. Ib qho hnav lossis tsim tsis zoo punch tsis yog tsim cov khoom tsis zoo xwb. Nws accelerates hnav ntawm txhua qhov chaw nyob ib sab thiab noj rau hauv koj lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.

Cov ntu ua ntej rhuav tshem txhua qhov sib txawv uas txiav txim siab seb koj cov punches kawg lossis ua tsis tiav thaum ntxov, pib nrog ntau yam ntawm cov punch hom thiab cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb uas lawv ua.

Ua kom tiav Taxonomy ntawm Punch Hom los ntawm Kev Ua Haujlwm

Tsis yog txhua lub punch ua tib txoj haujlwm. Ib qho xuas nrig ntaus uas tsim cov ntsia liaj qhov rooj hauv lub bracket yuav luag tsis muaj dab tsi zoo sib xws nrog lub npib nyiaj npib uas compresses cov khoom los tuav lub siab ntev. Paub txog qeb twg koj lub lag luam poob rau hauv yog thawj kauj ruam mus rau kev xaiv cov cuab yeej hlau zoo rau daim ntawv thov, thiab nws ncaj qha cuam tshuam ntev npaum li cas cov cuab yeej yuav kav ntev npaum li cas.

Txiav Punches rau cov khoom sib cais

Txiav punches qhia ib lub hom phiaj: cais cov khoom. Qhov sib txawv los ntawm qhov koj khaws, qhov koj muab pov tseg, thiab qhov twg qhov kev txiav tshwm sim cuam tshuam rau qhov ntug.

  • Piercing xuas nrig ntaustsim qhov los ntawm kev tsav tsheb slug tag nrho los ntawm daim ntawv. Cov ntawv perforated yog cov khoom; lub slug yog seem. Qhov no yog qhov feem ntau ntawm cov hlau qhov punch ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv kev tuag, tuav txhua yam ntawm fastener clearance qhov mus rau qhov cua qauv.
  • Blanking punchestxiav tag nrho cov txheej txheem sab nrauv ntawm ib qho tiav hauv ib qho stroke. Ntawm no cov slug dhau los ua cov khoom lag luam thiab cov sawb seem yog pov tseg. Blanking xav tau ntau dua tonnage dua piercing vim hais tias qhov txiav perimeter feem ntau loj dua.
  • Cov punchestshem tawm cov khoom los ntawm ntug ntawm ib lub strip los yog ib feem. Vim hais tias kev txiav tshwm sim ntawm ib sab, cov punches muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb rau sab nraud thiab feem ntau xav tau pob luj taws rau kev txhawb nqa.
  • Lancing punchesua ib feem txiav uas tsim tabs lossis louvers yam tsis muaj kev sib cais tag nrho. Cov ntug sib txuas khoov ntawm qhov qhib qhov tuag, yog li cov punch geometry sib txuas lub kaum sab xis nrog lub vojvoog tsim.
  • Trimming xuas nrig ntaustshem tawm cov khoom flange ntau dhau los ntawm yav dhau los tsim los yog kos qhov chaw, ntxuav cov contours mus rau qhov ntev kawg.

Lub zog profile sib txawv heev ntawm cov hom no. Lub blanking punch koom nrog tag nrho txiav perimeter ib txhij, ua lub ncov tonnage nyob rau hauv ib qho instant. Ib tug lancet punch, los ntawm qhov sib txawv, nce kev txiav thiab khoov, faib cov khoom ntau dua ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Cov kev sib txawv no cuam tshuam rau kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov cuab yeej nyob ib ncig ntawm qib steel, shear angles, thiab xovxwm muaj peev xwm.

Tsis yog -Txiav Punches rau kev tsim thiab sib dhos

Tsis yog txhua tus puncher rau hlau ua tau txiav. Qee qhov xuas nrig ntaus cov khoom siv los yog yooj yim nrhiav nws rau kev ua haujlwm qis.

Pilot punchesnkag mus ua ntej-qhov uas twb muaj lawm nyob rau hauv lub sawb kom haum nws precisely ua ntej txiav pib ntawm txhua precision punch chaw nres tsheb. Lawv muaj lub qhov ntswg tapered los yog radiused thiab feem ntau hauv av me ntsis undersize (nyob ib ncig ntawm 0.001 ntiv tes me dua qhov nrhiav qhov) kom tsis txhob lo thaum nkag.

Tsim puncheskhoov, kos, lossis emboss khoom yam tsis muaj kev sib cais tag nrho. Lawv qhov chaw ua haujlwm yog contoured es tsis ntse -edged, thiab lawv vam khom cov khoom siv khiav es tsis yog cov tshuab puas.

npib punchessiv lub zog loj hauv cheeb tsam kom compress cov khoom mus rau hauv cov kab noj hniav kom meej, ua tiav qhov kev ua siab ntev ntev ntawm cov tuab lossis qhov nthuav dav. Vim hais tias cov khoom muaj kev txwv tag nrho, coining rog tuaj yeem yog tsib mus rau kaum npaug siab dua li cov qauv tsim cov khoom siv rau tib qhov chaw sib cuag.

Punch Hom Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb Hom Geometry Cov ntawv thov siv
Piercing Tsim qhov (slug yog pov tseg) Hloov, oblong, los yog zoo li tus nrog lub ntsej muag ncaj los yog sheared Fastener qhov, qhov cua qauv, hluav taws xob knockouts
Ncua tseg Txiav cov khoom tiav (slug yog cov khoom) Contoured profile txuam qhov perimeter Washers, laminations, brackets
Ntshai Tshem tawm cov khoom los ntawm ntug kab Qhib - sab nrog pob taws rau sab nraub qaum Tab nyem, kaum cutouts, strip progression
Lancing Txiav ib nrab los ua tabs lossis louvers Shear angle ntxiv rau txoj kab uas hla ntawm qhov txuas txuas Louvers, heat-sink fins, locking tabs
Txiav Tshem tawm cov khoom dhau los ntawm qhov tsim Contoured kom phim kawg trim kab Kos khob flanges, tsim bracket npoo
Pilot Nrhiav txoj hlua rau qhov chaw nres tsheb raug Tapered los yog mos txwv -qhov ntswg, me ntsis undersize Progressive tuag alignment ntawm txhua qhov chaw nres tsheb
tsim Khoov, kos, lossis emboss yam tsis muaj kev sib cais Contoured ua hauj lwm nto, dav dav radii Channel khoov, ntiav kos, embossed logos
Npib Compress khoom rau nruj tolerances Lub ntsej muag tiaj tus lossis kos lub ntsej muag, hnyav hla-section Thickness tswj, zoo meej, bearing nto

Tshwj xeeb thiab Compound Punch Designs

Thaum ib lub chaw nres tsheb yuav tsum ua kom tiav ntau tshaj ib txoj haujlwm,compound punch designsmuab ntau lub zog rau hauv ib lub cuab yeej. Ib qho piv txwv classic: blanking sab nrauv contour thaum ib txhij tho qhov hauv hauv ib qho kev mob stroke. Txoj hauv kev no muab qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm cov yam ntxwv vim tias ob qho kev txiav tawm tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tib lub kaw, tab sis nws tsom rau kev thauj khoom thiab txwv tsis pub muaj chaw seem rau cov ntoo khaub lig ruaj khov - ntu.

Tshaj li kev teeb tsa sib xyaw ua ke, koj yuav ntsib headed piv rau headless designs. Lub taub hau punches siv lub xub pwg nyom los yog flange kom khaws cia rau hauv lub phaj punch, ua kev hloov ncaj qha. Lub taub hau tsis muaj punches ruaj ntseg los ntawm lub phaj nraub qaum lossis lub pob - xauv qhov tuav, tso cai rau qhov sib sib zog nqus hauv qhov tuag nrog cov qauv ntom ntom. Stepped punches tsim ntau- qhov ntev hauv ib qho kev sib tsoo, nrog rau txhua txoj kab uas hla hauv av mus rau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntev ntawm lub cev. Lawv txo qhov kev xav tau ntawm kev ua haujlwm thib ob tab sis xav tau kev sib tsoo kom muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov kauj ruam.

Kev khiav hauj lwm zoo li punch thiab flare, qhov twg ib lub qhov yog pierced thiab ces nthuav tawm sab nraud nyob rau hauv ib tug tom ntej chaw nres tsheb, cia siab rau pairing ib tug standard sheet hlau punch nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb flaring cuab tam downstream. Kev nkag siab txog cov punch qeb twg siv rau txhua qhov chaw nres tsheb yuav pab koj txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb geometry, cov khoom siv, thiab txheej txheej ua ntej cov teeb meem tshwm sim hauv pem teb xovxwm.

Geometry yog dab tsi cais cov punch uas ua haujlwm tau zoo los ntawm ib qho uas hnav ua ntej los yog tsim cov khoom seem. Cov ntu tom ntej no ua rau cov ntsiab lus zoo li cas, cov kaum sab xis, thiab rov qab taper cuam tshuam rau kev txiav quab yuam thiab ntug zoo ntawm qib microscopic.

four common punch point styles showing how face geometry affects metal contact during the cutting stroke

Punch Geometry uas tswj kev quab yuam thiab txiav zoo

Ob lub punches ua los ntawm tib lub hlau, khiav ntawm tib lub nrawm, hauv tib lub xovxwm tuaj yeem xa cov txiaj ntsig sib txawv. Qhov txawv yog geometry. Cov duab ntawm lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag, lub kaum sab xis hauv av rau hauv nws, thiab qhov nyem tom qab nws txiav ntug txiav txim siab ntau npaum li cas cov xovxwm yuav tsum tau xuas nrig ntaus lub qhov ntawm cov hlau, yuav ua li cas ntxuav cov npoo zoo li cas, thiab pes tsawg hits lub cuab tam muaj sia nyob ua ntej reharpening.

Point Styles thiab lawv cov teebmeem ntawm Kev Txiav Txim

Xav txog tias nias lub khob noom cookie cutter los ntawm lub khob noom cookie piv rau tilting nws ces ib sab tom ua ntej. Tib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus no siv tau thaum xovxwm tuag punch hu rau cov ntawv hlau. Lub geometry ntawm lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag tswj ntau npaum li cas cov khoom koom nrog kev txiav ntug ntawm txhua qhov muab tam sim ntawd thaum mob stroke.

Pav - ntsej muag puncheskoom nrog tag nrho cov txiav perimeter ib txhij. Tag nrho cov shearing tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib qho instant, ua rau lub siab tshaj plaws tonnage tab sis kuj lub cleanest, feem ntau symmetrical qhov. Qhov no yog lub hauv paus rau txhua daim ntawv hlau punch qhov ua haujlwm.

Tib -shear (beveled) puncheslub kaum sab xis ntawm lub ntsej muag kom ib sab hu rau daim ntawv ua ntej thiab qhov kev txiav mus hla txoj kab uas hla. Kev tshawb fawb ntawm DP thiab AHSS qib qhia pom lub kaum sab xis ntawm 3 thiab 6 degrees tuaj yeemtxo qhov siab tshaj piercing quab yuam ntau dua 50%. Kev lag luam tawm -tawm yog me ntsis lateral thrust uas yuav tsum tau absorbed los ntawm lub stripper los yog kev taw qhia system.

Ob -shear (ru tsev-sab saum toj) punchesfeature lub ncov raws qhov chaw, yog li qhov kev txiav pib ntawm nruab nrab thiab nthuav tawm sab nraud rau ob qho tib si ib txhij. Kev tshawb fawb ntawm martensitic steel nrog 1400 MPa tensile lub zog tau pom txog li 80% txo qis hauv kev xuas nrig ntaus piv nrog lub ntsej muag tiaj tus, nrog rau kev poob qis hauv snap- los ntawm kev rov qab tonnage. Vim tias lub zog sib npaug ntawm ob sab ntawm lub ridge, muaj tsawg kawg sab thrust ntawm lub cuab yeej.

Ntxias-point (conical) punchessiv lub taub hau tapered, zoo ib yam li hauv profile rau lub qhov ntswg hex punch, los pib kev sib cuag ntawm ib qho taw tes thiab nthuav dav qhov txiav tawm sab nraud. Lawv tsim cov kev ua haujlwm ntsiag to hauv cov ntaub ntawv nyias thiab txo qis snap- los ntawm kev poob siab, ua rau lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev siv siab - nrawm uas muaj suab nrov thiab nias lub zog.

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus zoo ib yam: shear angles redistribute tonnage over a long part of stroke. Peak quab yuam poob, tab sis tag nrho cov hauj lwm tseem zoo sib xws vim cov xovxwm mus ntxiv ua ntej kev sib cais tiav.

Point Style Force txo vs. Flat Zoo tshaj rau pauv - tawm
Pas - ntsej muag Tsis muaj (baseline) Symmetrical qhov, siab tshaj plaws ntug uniformity Siab tshaj peak tonnage, loj tshaj snap-los ntawm kev poob siab
Tib -shear (bevel) ~ 50% lossis ntau dua Kev tho dav dav, qib AHSS, quab yuam- txwv tsis pub nias Lateral thrust, me ntsis burnish nyob ib ncig ntawm lub perimeter
Ob -shear (ru tsev-sab saum toj) Txog li 80% High-cov ntaub ntawv muaj zog, poob siab-sensitive tuag Ntau txoj kev sib tsoo, punch taub hau ntawm ntug
Whisper - taw tes (conical) Progressive, sib txawv nrog taper kaum Cov ntaub ntawv nyias, siab - nrawm stamping, txo suab nrov Tsis yog-ib txwm txiav ntug profile, txwv rau qhov me me qhov taub

Av Length thiab Back Taper piav qhia

Hauv qab qhov txiav ntug ntawm cov hlau tuag punch, ob yam ntxwv tswj cov cuab yeej cuam tshuam li cas nrog cov slug thiab sawb tom qab pib txiav: av thiab rov qab taper.

Avyog qhov ncaj, cylindrical feem tam sim tom qab txiav ntug. Nws tuav tag nrho kev sib cuag nrog slug thaum lub sij hawm thiab tom qab sib cais. Ib thaj av ntev tuav lub slug khov kho, tiv thaiv nws los ntawm rub rov qab nrog lub punch ntawm retraction. Cov av ntau dhau, txawm li cas los xij, ua rau muaj kev sib txhuam ntawm cov sawb raws li nws hla cov punch ntawm txhua qhov mob stroke. Kev taw qhia dav dav muab thaj av ntev ntawm 1 mus rau 3 npaug ntawm cov khoom tuab, nrog cov ntaub ntawv thinner trending mus rau qis kawg.

Rov qab taperyog ib qho me ntsis nyem hauv qab av, txo cov punch txoj kab uas hla thaum koj txav deb ntawm lub taub. Qhov no taper, feem ntau 0.25 rau 1℃ib sab nyob ntawm tag nrho cov punch ntev, tsim clearance ntawm lub punch lub cev thiab lub qhov phab ntsa. Nws txo qhov kev sib txhuam ntawm cov cua sov, txo qis zog quab yuam, thiab txo qis qhov hnyav ntawm cov punches rau cov hlau uas khiav mos lossis nplaum ua haujlwm xws li txhuas lossis stainless hlau.

Hauv kev ua haujlwm siab - nrawm, ua kom cov punch nkag mus rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus (0.015 txog 0.030 ntiv tes) yog qhov zoo tagnrho vim nws txwv lub sijhawm sib cuag ntawm thaj av thiab txo qis slug- rub txoj kev pheej hmoo. Hex punch geometries nrog lawv cov multi-faceted profiles tau txais txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb los ntawm qhov tseeb rov qab-taper tswj, txij li txhua qhov kev sib txhuam ntawm lub ntsej muag tiaj tus ua rau cov nplaum nplaum.

Yuav ua li cas Geometry txuas rau Qhov Zoo

Txhua qhov kev txiav txim siab geometry ntawm lub ntsej muag punch tshwm rau ntawm qhov ua tiav. Nov yog li cas cov kev sib txuas ua si tawm:

  • Burr qhov siab- Ib qho ntse, zoo- tuav txiav ntug nrog qhov tseeb clearance ua rau tsawg kawg burr. Sheared- ntsej muag xuas nrig tuaj yeem txhim kho ntug ductility; kev tshawb fawb ntawm dual-theem steels pom tau hais tias optimized bevel txiav ua ntau tshaj 60% kev txhim kho nyob rau hauv lub qhov expansion piv piv rau cov pa punching pav ca, qhia ib tug huv si, ntau formable ntug.
  • Qhov cylindricity- Pav ca- lub ntsej muag punches tsim kom muaj qhov sib xws ntawm lub qhov taub los ntawm sab saum toj mus rau hauv qab vim tias tag nrho cov perimeter txiav ib zaug. Ib leeg-shear designs tuaj yeem qhia me ntsis ovality yog tias kev tshem tawm tsis zoo- tswj, txij li qhov kev txiav txuas ntxiv tso cai rau cov khoom hloov ua ntej sib cais tag nrho.
  • Ntug rollover- Rollover qhov tob nce nrog cov clearances loj dua thiab aggressive shear angles. Ib tug beveled punch uas tiv tauj ib sab ua ntej tuaj yeem tsim asymmetric rollover. Rau cov ntawv thov uas rollover yuav tsum raug txo kom tsawg, tiaj tus -lub ntsej muag los yog qhov ntiav heev shear angles ua ke nrog nruj clearances yog txoj kev zoo dua.

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws sheared ntug qhia tau hais tias ib puag ncig burnish cheeb tsam uas hloov smoothly mus rau hauv ib tug huv fracture tsam tsis muaj lwm yam shear los yog voids. Mus txog rau qhov yuav tsum tau geometry, clearance, thiab cov khoom ua hauj lwm ua ke raws li ib tug system. Lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag txiav txim siab seb qhov kev txiav zoo li cas, tab sis cov hlau nws yog tsim los ntawm kev txiav txim siab ntev npaum li cas cov geometry tuav nws cov ntug hauv qab cov khoom thauj.

Punch cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev kho cua sov rau lub neej zoo

Ib qho zoo kawg nkaus hauv av txiav tsuas yog qhov tseem ceeb yog tias cov hlau tom qab nws tuaj yeem tuav qhov geometry hauv qab kev cuam tshuam rov qab. Txhua qhov mob stroke ntawm cov xovxwm raug cov punch rau compressive shock, frictional heat, thiab abrasive contact nrog workpiece. Cov qib steel thiab yuav ua li cas nws yog cua sov-kho txiav txim seb ntug ntawd kav ntev li 50,000 hits los yog 500,000. Qhov no yog qhov uas feem ntau cov teeb meem hnav ntxov ntxov pib, tsis yog ntawm lub ntsej muag txiav tab sis tob rau hauv cov qauv hlau ntawm cov hlau xuas nrig ntaus nws tus kheej.

Common Punch Tool Steels thiab lawv cov khoom

Xaiv lub stamping tuag steel los ntsuas qhov sib tw ntawm ob lub zog: hardness (uas resists hnav) thiab toughness (uas resists tawg). Thawb deb dhau mus rau hardness thiab punch chips. Txaus siab toughness thiab ntug rounds dhau sai heev. Txhua qib occupies ib txoj hauj lwm sib txawv ntawm qhov spectrum.

D2yog lub workhorse ntawm txias - ua hauj lwm stamping tuag. Nrog cov pa roj carbon siab (1.40-1.60%) thiab siab chromium (11.00-13.00%), nws muab cov khoom zoo heev abrasive tsis kam thiab me ntsis corrosion kuj.D2 nce mus txog qhov kub thiab txias ntawm 54 thiab 61 HRCthiab feem ntau yog siv rau blanking dies, stamping dies, punches, thiab trim tuag. Kev lag luam tawm -tawm yog qhov hnyav dua piv rau kev poob siab- qib tiv taus, ua rau nws yooj yim rau chipping thaum txiav siab dua - cov ntaub ntawv muaj zog yog tias cov khoom siv nruj dhau.

A2kuj yog huab cua- hardening tab sis muaj tsawg chromium (4.75-5.50%) thiab carbon tsawg dua D2. Nws ua tiav cov hardness nrov nyob nruab nrab ntawm 57 thiab 62 HRC thaum muab zoo dua toughness thiab grindability. A2 ua haujlwm zoo rau ntev punches, coining tuag, thiab daim ntawv thov qhov kev poob siab loads xav tau ib tug hlau uas absorbs tej yam tsis muaj cracking.

S7zaum ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub spectrum. Nws cov ntsiab lus qis dua (0.45-}0.55%) thiab txo cov chromium (3.00-3.50%) xa cov kev cuam tshuam zoo heev thiab kev poob siab nrog kev ua haujlwm hnyav ntawm 48-58 HRC. Thaum lub punched hardened chipping nyob rau hauv hnyav blanking los yog notching ua hauj lwm, S7 feem ntau yog cov lus teb. Nws txi qee qhov hnav tsis kam rau lub peev xwm kom muaj sia nyob rov qab muaj zog-zog cuam tshuam yam tsis muaj kev tawg.

M2yog lub siab - steel ceev uas khaws hardness ntawm qhov kub siab. Nws haum rau siab -kev ua haujlwm ceev ceev uas muaj kev sib txhuam kub ua kom sai dua li cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem tawg. M2 steel punches tuav lawv ntug qhov twg cov pa txias - cov hlau ua haujlwm yuav mos.

CPM-10Vthiab lwm cov hmoov hlau metallurgy (PM) qib sawv cev rau tus nqi kawg. Kev ua PM ua rau microstructure nrog cov hlau me me carbide cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke hauv cov hlau matrix, xa ob qho tib si hnyav hnyav thiab tsim nyog toughness. Cov hlau no raug nqi ntau dua tab sis feem ntau ua pov thawj kev lag luam hauv cov ntawv hlau stamping tuag khiav abrasive lossis siab - lub zog workpieces vim tias lawv txuas ntxiv ncua sij hawm ntawm kev ua kom zoo.

Qib Steel Hardness Range (HRC) Daim ntawv thov zoo tshaj plaws Tus nqi txheeb ze
D2 54-61 General stamping, blanking, tho me ntsis steel Tsawg- nruab nrab
A2 57-62 Ntev punches, npib, nruab nrab poob siab loads Tsawg- nruab nrab
S7 48-58 Heavy blanking, notching, siab - cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm Nruab nrab
M2 60-65 High -Speed ​​stamping, siab kub tej yam kev mob Nruab nrab -siab
CPM-10V (PM) 58-64 Abrasive cov ntaub ntawv, AHSS, hnyav hnav Siab

Kev kho cua sov thiab nws cuam tshuam rau Punch Lub Neej

Lub punch steel tsuas yog zoo li nws cov kev kho cua sov. Koj tuaj yeem teev cov qib zoo tshaj plaws thiab tseem tau txais kev ua tsis tiav thaum ntxov yog tias ua kom tawv, tempering, lossis kev ntxhov siab ua tiav tsis raug. Cov txheej txheem stamping tso siab xav tau ntawm compressive zog thiab toughness ib txhij, thiabtswj cov khoom no ncaj qha cuam tshuam cov cuab yeej steel kev ua haujlwm hauv kev pabcuam.

Cov theem pib zoo li no:

  • Hardening (austenitizing thiab quench)- Lub punch yog rhuab mus rau qhov kub tseem ceeb uas cov qauv siv lead ua hloov mus rau austenite, tom qab ntawd txias sai txaus los tsim martensite, theem nyuaj uas muab kev hnav tsis kam. Huab cua- cov qib hardening zoo li D2 thiab A2 yog quenched nyob rau hauv tseem huab cua los yog inert gas, uas txo qis distortion piv rau roj quenching.
  • Tempering (ob npaug los yog triple kos)- Tom qab quenching, lub punch yog reheated rau qhov kub thiab txias (feem ntau yog 400-1000 degrees Fahrenheit nyob ntawm qib) thiab tuav, ces txias. Cov txheej txheem no rov ua dua ob lossis peb zaug. Txhua lub voj voog temper relieves kev ntxhov siab sab hauv thiab hloov cov nkig khaws cia austenite mus rau hauv martensite ruaj khov, txhim kho qhov ruaj khov tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dhau. Kev xyaum zoo tshaj plaws pom zoo kom siv qhov kub siab tshaj plaws uas tseem xa cov hom phiaj hardness.
  • Cryogenic kev kho mob- Tom qab kev kho cua sov li qub, qee qhov tawv tawv punches tau ua cov txheej txheem cryogenic sib sib zog nqus ntawm kwv yees li rho tawm 300 degrees Fahrenheit. Cov kauj ruam no hloov pauv khaws cia austenite uas muaj sia nyob qhov pib quench. Ferrous hlau tuaj yeem muaj ntau npaum li 40 feem pua ​​​​ntawm austenite residual tom qab kev kho cua sov, thiab cov txheej txheem cryogenic tuaj yeem txo qhov ntawd kom tsawg li 1 feem pua ​​​​los ntawm kev ua tiav kev hloov pauv mus rau martensite. Qhov tshwm sim yog ib qho denser, ntau yam zoo li grain qauv nrog txhim kho hnav tsis kam thiab zoo dua dimension stability ntawm lub cuab yeej kev pab cuam lub neej.

Cryogenic kev kho mob tsis yog ib qho kev hloov rau kev kho cua sov kom zoo. Nws yog cov kauj ruam kawg uas ua kom tiav qhov quenching pib.Tau txais ntawm 50 thiab 500 feem pua ​​​​hauv lub neej cuab yeej tau tshaj tawm, txawm tias txhua daim ntawv thov yog qhov tshwj xeeb thiab cov txiaj ntsig yog nyob ntawm cov qauv kev tiv thaiv thiab cov cua sov ua ntej- kho kom zoo. Cov kev kho mob yog nyob mus ib txhis thiab muaj sia nyob resharpening, vim nws hloov cov qauv tag nrho los ntawm cov khoom es tsis yog qhov chaw xwb.

Matching Steel rau Workpiece Khoom

Lub workpiece koj txiav yuav tsum tsav koj xaiv steel. Ntawm no yog cov tswv yim logic:

  • Mos, tsis yog{0}}abrasive workpieces (aluminium, tooj liab, tooj dag)- Cov ntaub ntawv no ua rau muaj kev txiav txim siab tsawg thiab hnav tsis zoo. Txheem D2 lossis A2 steel punches ua haujlwm zoo. Qhov kev txhawj xeeb tseem ceeb hloov mus rau cov nplaum hnav (galling), uas yog qhov zoo dua los ntawm kev kho saum npoo es tsis yog cov hlau hnyav dua.
  • Cov hlau me me thiab qis- qib carbon- D2 ntawm 58-60 HRC tswj cov kev ntseeg siab rau feem ntau cov khoom ntim. Nws muab qhov sib npaug zoo ntawm kev hnav lub neej thiab rov kho kev lag luam.
  • Stainless hlau thiab qib siab -lub zog qis- alloy (HSLA) qib- Ntau dua txiav quab yuam thiab abrasive workpiece nto ua kom cov ntug hnav. PM qib zoo li CPM-10V lossis carbide-tipped designs xa cov hnav tsis kam uas xav tau los tswj lub cuab yeej siv tau. Cov ntaub ntawv muaj zog siab dua txhawb kev ua tsis tiav ntxov dhau los ntawm chipping, tawg, thiab hnav abrasive, ua toughness li tseem ceeb li hardness.
  • Advanced siab -lub zog steels (AHSS, dual-theem, martensitic)- Cov no thov hwm PM steels, feem ntau ua ke nrog PVD txheej. Lub zog tensile ntawm qee qib AHSS mus txog qhov uas cov cuab yeej steel ua haujlwm rau lawv, ua rau cov pa D2 nquag ua rau tawg ntxov.

Ib txoj cai tseem ceeb ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo: xaiv cov cuab yeej xuas nrig ntaus hlau uas ua ntej ua tiav koj qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom nruj rau daim ntawv thov, tom qab ntawd txhim kho kev hnav tsis kam nrog cov txheej txheej los yog kev kho mob. Pib los ntawm kev hnav- sab tiv thaiv thiab kev sib tsoo hnyav feem ntau ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj heev es tsis txhob maj mam hnav.

Kev xaiv hlau thiab kev kho cua sov tsim lub hauv paus. Tab sis muaj ib tug multiplier uas tuaj yeem thawb lub cuab tam lub neej tseem ceeb ntxiv yam tsis tau hloov cov khoom siv hauv paus, thiab qhov ntawd yog txheej txheej thiab kev kho mob siv tom qab lub punch yog tag nrho hardened thiab hauv av kom loj.

pvd coated stamping punch showing the thin protective layer that resists wear and material adhesion

Nto txheej thiab kev kho mob uas txuas ntxiv Punch Wear Life

Kho cov hlau thiab kev kho cua sov muab cov punch nws cov pob txha pob txha. Coatings yog cov armor txheej rau saum. Lawv txo cov kev sib txhuam, tiv thaiv cov khoom siv, thiab hnav tsis kam ua kom tsis txhob hloov cov punch qhov ntev uas txiav txim siab haum thiab tshem tawm. Tab sis ntawm no yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb: txheej txheej muab cov cuab yeej txiav txim siab zoo. Lawv tsis tuaj yeem cawm tau lub punch uas tau ua los ntawm cov hlau tsis raug, cua sov- kho tsis raug, lossis khiav tsis zoo. Thaum lub hauv paus ruaj khov, txawm li cas los xij, txoj cai txheej tuaj yeem thawb tuag tooling lub neej los ntawm kev hwm mus rau qhov txawv tshaj plaw. Ibcov ntaub ntawvtau pom ib qho kev sib koom ua ke dhia los ntawm 10,000 qhov chaw tsis muaj coated mus rau 250,000 qhov chaw nrog cov txheej txheem ua kom zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab qhuav.

Lub cev Vapor Deposition Txheej rau Punches

PVD yog txheej txheem txheej txheem rau precision punch xovxwm cuab yeej vim nws tso rau ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, feem ntau qis dua 900 degrees Fahrenheit. Qhov ntawd nyob twj ywm zoo nyob rau hauv lub tempering ntau yam ntawm cov cuab yeej steel, yog li tsis muaj hardness poob los yog dimensional distortion thaum lub sij hawm txheej txheej.

Cov feem ntau PVD compositions txhua lub hom phiaj ib tug tshwj xeeb hnav khaub ncaws:

  • Titanium nitride (TiN)- General -Lub hom phiaj ua haujlwm nrog nws cov xim kub tshwj xeeb. Hardness nyob ib ncig ntawm 2,400 HV. Zoo abrasion kuj thiab tsis tshua muaj kev sib txhuam, haum rau ntau yam me me steel thiab tooj liab alloy daim ntaub ntawv.
  • Titanium carbonitride (TiCN)- Ib kauj ruam nce ntawm kwv yees li 3,200 HV. Cov pa roj carbon ntxiv muab kev ua haujlwm zoo dua tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv abrasive thiab siab dua galling resistance. Feem ntau siv los ua ntau txheej TiN / TiCN pawg rau kev txhim kho adhesion.
  • Aluminium chromium nitride (AlCrN)- Kev tiv thaiv oxidation zoo tshaj ntawm qhov kub siab. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau cov cuab yeej xuas nrig ntaus khiav ntawm cov kab mob stroke siab qhov kev sib txhuam ntawm cov cua sov, los yog rau cov ntawv thov stamping stainless hlau qhov chaw kub kub nce thaum txiav.
  • Titanium nitride (TiAlN)- Hardness nyob ib ncig ntawm 3,200 HV nrog zoo thermal stability. Zoo haum rau qhuav stamping los yog siab - kev khiav hauj lwm ceev uas lubrication xa tsis zoo. Nws qhov ductility kom zoo dua AlTiN tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig tsim- cov cuab yeej xuas nrig ntaus rau cov ntawv siv hlau.

Txheej thickness feem ntau poob ntawm 1 thiab 5 micrometers. Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus pom zoo thickness rau stamping daim ntaub ntawv yog 4 mus rau 5 micrometers los muab kev tiv thaiv txaus. Tab sis thicker tsis tau zoo dua. PVD coatings muaj siab compressive stresses, thiab yog hais tias cov txheej loj hlob tuab heev, cov kev ntxhov siab yuav dhau lub zog ntawm daim ntawv cog lus thiab ua rau delamination. Cov tuab tuab kuj ua rau cov npoo txiav, degrading lub sharpness uas txhais tau hais tias kev txiav zoo ntawm ib tug muaj qhov punch los yog tej precision piercing cuab tam. Multilayer txheej architectures pab tswj qhov kev lag luam no -tawm los ntawm kev hloov cov txheej txheem nyuaj thiab softer kom ntes microcracks thiab faib kev ntxhov siab.

Nitriding thiab Lwm Cov Kev Kho Mob Diffusion

Qhov twg PVD ntxiv ib zaj duab xis discrete rau saum npoo, nitriding hloov qhov chaw nws tus kheej. Hauv cov txheej txheem no, nitrogen diffuses rau hauv cov hlau nyob ib ncig ntawm 950 degrees Fahrenheit, tsim cov nitride nyuaj nrog cov ntsiab lus alloying uas twb muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom. Qhov tshwm sim yog ametallurgical daim ntawv cog lus nrog cov ntaub ntawv qhov tob ntawm 0.0006 txog 0.0035 ntinyob ntawm daim ntawv thov, ua rau saum npoo hardness tshaj 58 HRC.

Vim li cas qhov no tseem ceeb rau stamping? Nitriding ntxiv tsis muaj qhov ntsuas qhov loj me. Rau nruj- kam rau ua cov cuab yeej xuas nrig ntaus qhov twg txawm tias ob peb microns ntawm txheej tuab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam haum rau hauv xovxwm- haum retainer, nitriding muab coj los tiv thaiv yam tsis tau hloov lub punch taub. Nws kuj tseem kho txhua qhov chaw raug pom zoo ib yam, suav nrog cov yam ntxwv sab hauv thiab qhov chaw so uas PVD's kab - ntawm - cov txheej txheem pom tsis tuaj yeem ncav cuag.

Kev lag luam tawm -tawm yog tias nitriding lub hardness qhov tob, thaum zoo siab, tsis tuaj yeem phim qhov tawv tawv ntawm PVD films. Xav txog nws li no: nitriding muab ib qho sib sib zog nqus, tawv tiv thaiv txheej uas tiv taus qaug zog thiab hnav maj mam, thaum PVD muab lub plhaub nyias, tsis tshua muaj tawv tawv uas ua tau zoo tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj thiab adhesion ntawm qhov chaw sib cuag tam sim ntawd. Rau ib qho kev lag luam lub qhov puncher khiav cov ntim siab hauv cov hlau me me, nitriding ib leeg yuav txaus. Rau abrasive los yog galling- cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim, PVD txheej los yog kev sib xyaw ua ke muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua.

Xaiv Cov Txheej Txheem Raws li Kev Ua Haujlwm Tsis Ua Haujlwm

Txoj kev ntse tshaj plaws rau kev xaiv txheej pib nrog kev txheeb xyuas seb lub punch ua tsis tau zoo li cas. Txawv hnav mechanisms teb rau txawv txheej txheej:

  • Adhesive hnav (galling)- Cov khoom siv los ntawm cov khoom hloov pauv thiab ua rau ntawm lub ntsej muag xuas nrig. Xaiv TiCN los yog AlCrN rau lawv cov coefficient tsawg ntawm kev sib txhuam thiab siab hardness uas tiv taus cov khoom nqa.
  • Abrasive hnav- Cov ntug txiav maj mam dhau los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog cov khoom siv tawv tawv los yog cov khoom sib tsoo. TiN lossis TiAlN muab qhov nyuaj ntawm qhov xav tau los tiv thaiv kev tshem tawm cov khoom siv.
  • Ua - nce ntug ntawm cov ntaub ntawv mos- Txhuas, tooj liab, thiab cov hlau mos yuav smear rau ntawm cov cuab yeej. Lub polished TiN txheej nrog nws tus du, qis - kev sib txhuam nto tiv thaiv qhov chaw nucleation qhov chaw khaws khoom pib.
  • High -kev siv kub- Tus nqi nrawm nrawm lossis tuab, siab - cov khoom ua haujlwm muaj zog ua kom muaj kev sib txhuam kub uas degrades cov pa coatings. AlCrN tuav nws cov khoom ntawm qhov kub thiab txias qhov twg TiN pib oxidize.

Ib qho kev ceeb toom tsim nyog rov ua dua: txheej txheej daws cov tsos mob. Yog tias lub qhov punch muaj qhov khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob. Lub txheej yuav siv sij hawm, tab sis lub hauv paus ua rau nws nws thiaj li overwhelm txawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws nto kho. Txhim kho qhov system ua ntej, tom qab ntawd cia cov coatings txuas ntxiv qhov kev coj ua zoo uas twb muaj lawm.

Coatings tiv thaiv lub punch nto, tab sis lawv tsis tuaj yeem them nyiaj rau ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws geometric sib txawv hauv qhov tuag: qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov punch thiab tuag qhib. Qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawd txiav txim siab seb puas muaj kev sib tsoo tshuab ua haujlwm hauv koj qhov kev nyiam lossis tawm tsam nws.

Punch thiab Tuag Clearance los ntawm Workpiece Khoom

Koj tuaj yeem spec cov hlau zoo tshaj plaws, siv cov txheej txheem hwm zoo, thiab zom cov ntug tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo, tab sis tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb yog tias qhov sib txawv ntawm koj lub punch thiab tuag qhib tsis yog lawm. Clearance yog ib qho kev sib txawv uas tswj xyuas seb puas muaj kab mob ntawm cov kab mob ntawm sab sauv thiab sab qis sib ntsib kom huv si hauv nruab nrab ntawm daim ntawv lossis nco ib leeg nkaus. Tau txais nws txoj cai thiab koj tsim cov khoom huv si nrog cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo. Tau txais nws tsis ncaj ncees lawm thiab koj tab tom sib ntaus sib tua burrs, chipping, slug rub, thiab ntxov ntxov ntug tawg ntawm txhua qhov mob stroke.

Yuav ua li cas Clearance cuam tshuam rau Shearing Mechanism

Clearance yog txhais raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm ib sab ntawm lub punch qhov txiav ntug thiab cov ntug sib txuas ntawm qhov qhib tuag. Thaum koj hnov ​​​​"10% clearance," uas txhais tau hais tias qhov sib txawv ntawm txhua sab sib npaug 10% ntawm workpiece thickness. Qhov no tsis yog tag nrho qhov sib txawv. Nws yog ntsuas ntawm txhua ntug ntawm nws tus kheej.

Thaum clearance yog lawm, lub shearing mechanism tsim ib tug kwv yees peb - cheeb tsam puas ntawm qhov txiav ntug:

  • Rollover- Ib me ntsis puag ncig ntawm lub punch- sab nkag qhov twg cov khoom deforms plastically ua ntej txiav pib.
  • Burnish (shear cheeb tsam)- Cov kab du, ci ntsa iab qhov twg cov punch thiab cov npoo tuag tau txiav cov khoom siv. Qhov no yog qhov huv tshaj plaws ntawm lub ntsej muag txiav.
  • Fracture (zeeg)- Lub rougher, matte-tiav cheeb tsam uas cov kab nrib pleb nthuav tawm los ntawm cov punch ntug thiab tuag ntug ntsib thiab cov khoom seem sib cais.

Nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo set punch thiab tuag xovxwm, cov kab tawg pib los ntawm cov punch nyob rau saum npoo thiab tuag nyob rau hauv qab nto propagated rau ib leeg ntawm cov ces kaum sib ntxiv. Lawv sib ntsib hauv nruab nrab, ua kom muaj kev sib cais huv si nrog kev puas tsuaj tsawg kawg nkaus. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws tsos, raws li cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauvKev tshawb nrhiav AHSS, qhia tau hais tias ib cheeb tsam burnish nrog ib tug du, uniform hloov mus rau qhov tawg tsam thiab tsis muaj voids los yog lwm yam shear marks.

Thaum clearance yog nruj heev, cov kab tawg tsis sib haum. Cov khoom nruab nrab ntawm lawv dhau qhov kev tshwm sim thib ob, ua rau cov qhab nia nruab nrab, microcracks, thiab ib qho ntxhib, puas lawm. Tight clearance kuj ua rau kom lub zog uas yuav tsum tau tshem tawm daim ntawv los ntawm cov punch, accelerates abrasive hnav, thiab muaj peev xwm tsim slug rub qhov twg cov slug sticks rau lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag ntawm retraction.

Thaum clearance yog xoob heev, cov khoom khoov ntau dhau ua ntej tawg pib. Koj tau txais cov rollover loj, loj burrs, tsis zoo lub qhov cylindricity, thiab ib tug tawg tsam uas dominates lub ntsej muag txiav. Ib feem yuav yog dimensionally tawm ntawm spec, thiab downstream kev ua hauj lwm pom txo ntug ductility vim hais tias lub deformed cheeb tsam txuas mus tob rau hauv cov khoom.

Cov ntaub ntawv -Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb Clearance

Cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv ua haujlwm sib txawv hauv ntau txoj kev. Softer, ductile hlau ntau tolerates nruj clearances vim hais tias lawv deform plastically es cracking ntxov ntxov. Nyuaj, siab dua - cov hlau muaj zog xav tau chav ntau dua vim tias lawv cov pob txha pib ua ntej thiab nthuav tawm ntau dua. Cov lus hauv qab no muab qhov pib -point clearance values ​​for a standard sheet metal punch and die set. Cov no yog ib -sab qhov tseem ceeb qhia raws li feem pua ​​ntawm cov khoom thickness.

Khoom siv Pom zoo Clearance (% ntawm thickness ib sab) Sau ntawv
Me me hlau 5-8% Cov qauv hauv paus; qis kawg rau nyias gauges, siab dua rau thicker Tshuag
Stainless hlau 6-10% Ua haujlwm- tus nqi hardening xav tau kev tshem tawm ntau dua kom tsis txhob hnav cov cuab yeej ntau dhau
Aluminium 3-5% Mos thiab ductile; nruj clearance muab ntxuav ntug nrog tsawg rollover
Tooj / tooj dag 3-6% Zoo ib yam li txhuas; galling txaus ntshai ntawm lub ntsej muag punch yog qhov kev txhawj xeeb tseem ceeb
Siab -lub zog steel (HSLA, AHSS) 8-12% Lub zog siab dua yuav tsum tau nce kev tshem tawm; Qee qib AHSS tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm 14-16%

Cov txiaj ntsig no yog cov ntsiab lus pib, tsis yog qhov tseeb. Qhov tseeb clearance nyob ntawm ntau yam kev sib cuam tshuam: cov khoom thickness, xav tau ntug zoo, ib feem kam rau ua, thiab punch geometry. Ib tug hlau punch thiab tuag khiav ib daim ntawv 0.5 hli txhuas yuav siv ib tug sib txawv clearance feem pua ​​​​ntawm tib lub alloy ntawm 3.0 hli thickness. Cov ntaub ntawv tuab dua nyob rau hauv tib qib feem ntau xav tau qhov feem pua ​​​​ntawm kev tshem tawm mus rau qhov kawg ntawm qhov ntau.

Rau siab heev - steels muaj zog, txoj cai qub ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo uas "10% ua haujlwm rau txhua yam" tsuas yog tsis tuav. Kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov theem nyuaj steels tau pom tias nce kev tshem tawm ntawm 10% mus rau 15% ua rau muaj kev txhim kho tseem ceeb hauv qhov kev nthuav dav kev ua tau zoo, qhia txog kev huv, ntau dua ductile ntug. Mus dhau qhov zoo tshaj plaws, txawm li cas los xij, muab qhov txo qis rov qab thiab tuaj yeem txo qis ntug zoo. Qhov chaw qab zib txawv ntawm qib, yog li kev sim nrog koj cov khoom tshwj xeeb thiab xuas nrig ntaus thiab tuag teeb rau hydraulic xovxwm lossis tshuab xovxwm yog tsim nyog rau kev nqis peev.

Clearance thiab Nws Kev Sib Raug Zoo rau Punch Lub Neej

Clearance tsis tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo. Nws ncaj qha txiav txim siab ceev npaum li cas koj cov hlau punches thiab tuag hnav tawm.

Kev tshem tawm tsis txaus ua rau lub punch ua haujlwm hnyav dua rau txhua qhov mob stroke. Cov khoom tiv thaiv kev sib cais ntev dua, stripping rog nce, thiab txiav ntug endures ntau abrasive tiv tauj ib lub voj voog. Kev tshawb fawb tau lees paub tias qhov kev txiav me me yuav tsum muaj zog punching ntau dua thiab ua rau muaj kev sib tsoo ntau dua los ntawm kev puas tsuaj. Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, qhov kev sib txuas sab nraud ntawm lub cev lub cev tuaj yeem ua rau qaug zog tawg lossis tawg ntawm qhov txiav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau siab - cov ntaub ntawv muaj zog uas qhov sib txawv nqaim tsim khoov kev ntxhov siab ntawm lub punch periphery.

Kev tshem tawm ntau dhau txo cov kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov cuab yeej. Lub punch nkag mus thiab tawm nrog kev sib txhuam tsawg, thiab stripping quab yuam poob. Qhov ntawd suab zoo li yeej rau lub neej cuab yeej, thiab nws yog, tab sis nws los ntawm tus nqi ntawm qhov zoo. Loj burrs, ntau dua rollover, thiab txo ntug ductility txhais tau tias koj yuav txuag tau ntawm resharpening intervals tab sis poob ntawm cov nqi seem thiab lwm yam kev ua haujlwm deburring. Tus nqi net feem ntau xaus siab dua.

Nov yog qhov ntau lub khw muag khoom saib: kev tshem tawm tsis yog tus lej ntawm daim ntawv luam xwb. Nws yog ib tug dynamic mob uas hloov nyob rau hauv load. Txawm hais tias ib qho zoo kawg nkaus hauv cov ntawv hlau xuas nrig ntaus thiab tuag teeb poob nws lub hom phiaj kev tshem tawm yog tias cov xovxwm thiab lub cev tuag tau hnav gibs, deflecting bolsters, lossis misaligned phau ntawv pins. Cov loads siab dua yuav tsum tau txiav cov ntaub ntawv muaj zog tsim ntxiv deflection ntawm cov tuag thiab cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm, uas tuaj yeem hloov kho qhov kev tshem tawm ntsuas raws li qhov xwm txheej zoo li qub thaum lub kaw lus ua haujlwm. Cov xovxwm uas tau ua raws li cov hlau me me ntawm 40 tons tuaj yeem hloov pauv txaus ntawm 80 tons ntawm AHSS kom tsis raug cai rau koj qhov kev tshem tawm tag nrho.

Qhov no txhais tau tias kev tswj xyuas kom raug tshem tawm yog kev qhuab qhia tsis tu ncua, tsis yog ib qho - lub sijhawm teeb tsa. Kev txheeb xyuas cov xovxwm ib ntus, hnav kev ntsuas ntawm cov khoom siv qhia, thiab kev saib xyuas ntawm kev txiav - ntug zoo li nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntau lawm txhua tus pub rov qab rau seb koj qhov kev tshem tawm puas tseem nyob qhov twg koj tau teeb tsa. Thaum ntug zoo pib drift, lub hauv paus ua rau feem ntau tsis yog lub punch hnav tawm. Nws yog cov xovxwm thiab tuag alignment hloov hauv qab nws, ntsiag to hloov lub clearance uas txhua yam nyob ntawm.

Clearance degradation thiab alignment drift feem ntau tshwm sim disguised li punch tsis ua hauj lwm. Chiping uas zoo li cov khoom siv teeb meem, galling uas zoo li cov teeb meem txheej, los yog kev tawg uas zoo li qhov tsim tsis zoo tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau qhov teeb meem tshem tawm uas tau tsim maj mam dhau ntau txhiab hits. Distinguishing lub hauv paus tiag tiag los ntawm cov tsos mob yog dab tsi cais reactive tuag txij nkawm los ntawm ib tug systematic mus kom ze rau punch ntev.

edge chipping and wear on a stamping punch tip indicating the need for root cause diagnosis

Punch Failure Modes thiab Root Cause Analysis

Lub punch uas tsis ua haujlwm tsis tshua muaj rau koj ib leeg, pom tseeb yog vim li cas. Lub chipped ntug uas koj pom thaum lub sij hawm rub tuag yuav tshwm sim los ntawm cov hlau tsis raug, nruj clearance, ib tug misaligned xovxwm, los yog tag nrho peb ua yeeb yam ua ke ntau txhiab lub voj voog. Dhia mus rau cov tsos mob pom tshaj plaws thiab swapping lub cuab yeej yam tsis tau tshawb xyuas ntxiv lav tias qhov hloov pauv yuav ua tsis tau zoo ib yam. Dab tsi cov cuab yeej engineers xav tau yog ib txoj hauv kev kuaj mob uas txuas qhov lawv pom ntawm lub punch rau qhov ua rau nws tiag tiag.

Common Punch Failure Modes

Txhua qhov ua tsis tiav koj ntsib ntawm lub tshuab xuas nrig hlau poob rau hauv ib qho ntawm cov pawg no. Paub tias hom twg yog tam sim no nqaim koj cov hauv paus kev tshawb nrhiav tam sim ntawd:

  • Chiping- Cov pob txha me me raws ntug txiav, feem ntau crescent- zoo li. Qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim ntxov tshaj plaws - theem tsis ua haujlwm ntawm punch xovxwm tuag khiav siab - cov ntaub ntawv muaj zog. Nws qhia tau hais tias lub punch tsis txaus toughness rau lub load, los yog hais tias misalignment yog concentrating kev ntxhov siab nyob rau hauv ib feem ntawm lub perimeter. Misalignment ntawm punch thiab tuag tsim asymmetric loading uas tsav chipping ntawm overloaded sab.
  • Galling- Cov ntaub ntawv hloov chaw ua haujlwm thiab cov ntawv cog lus mus rau qhov punch nto los ntawm cov nplaum hnav. Koj yuav pom kev tsim, qhab nia, lossis thaj ua rau thaj tsam ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab av. Galling yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nruj thaum stamping stainless hlau thiab txhuas, qhov chaw ua haujlwm lub oxide txheej tawg thaum lub sij hawm shearing thiab nthuav tawm tshiab, reactive hlau uas welds rau lub cuab tam nto nyob rau hauv siab.
  • Kev tawg- Kev puas tsuaj puas tsuaj qhov twg cov punch snaps, feem ntau ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig- ntu kev hloov pauv lossis ntawm qhov taw tes ntawm qhov ntev tsis txhawb nqa. Compressive tsis ua hauj lwm tuaj yeem ua rau tag nrho cov kev ua haujlwm kawg ntawm cov punch thaum nws ntsib cov khoom hnyav heev lossis cov khoom tuab dhau ntawm nws lub peev xwm, lossis thaum lub punch thiab tuag yog misaligned tag.
  • Abrasive hnav- Maj mam, sib npaug sib npaug ntawm qhov txiav ntug tshwm sim los ntawm cov khoom tawv tawv hauv cov khoom ua haujlwm lossis cov abrasive suav nrog hauv daim ntawv saum npoo. Tsis zoo li chipping, abrasive hnav mus txog qhov tseeb thiab tuaj yeem taug qab los ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntug. Nws yog hom tsis ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub tshuab xuas nrig ntaus hlau khiav HSLA lossis coated steels ntawm qhov nrawm nrawm.
  • Mushrooming- Lub taub hau punches deforms thiab nthuav tawm sab nraud los ntawm kev cuam tshuam rov qab rau lub phaj rov qab lossis tus tuav. Qhov no tshwm sim thaum lub punch tsis tau zaum tag nrho, thaum lub phaj nraub qaum yog mos heev, lossis thaum lubcoupling txiv ntoo loosens thiab tso cai rau qia tsis sib xws. Lub taub hau nceb tuaj yeem tso rau hauv qhov tuav thiab ua kom tshem tawm cov punch nyuaj lossis txaus ntshai.
  • Slug rub- Cov slug txuas nrog lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag thaum rub tawm thiab caij rov qab nrog lub cuab yeej. Nyob rau hauv lub tom ntej no stroke, lub slug nkag mus rau ntawm lub punch thiab sawb, ua rau ib tug ob - tuab ntaus uas yuav ua rau cov tuag, dents rau lwm qhov, los yog tawg lub punch nws tus kheej. Qhov ntev ntawm thaj av tsis txaus, lub tshuab nqus tsev tsis muaj zog- cov yam ntxwv tawg, lossis cov cuab yeej hlau nplaum yog cov neeg ua txhaum ib txwm ua.

Lub hauv paus ua rau kev kuaj mob Framework

Thaum koj rub lub punch puas los ntawm qhov tuag, qhov pom tsis ua haujlwm qhia koj tias muaj dab tsi tshwm sim. Cov lus hauv qab no qhia txog qhov kev soj ntsuam rov qab rau vim li cas nws tshwm sim thiab qhov kev kho kom raug kho qhov teeb meem es tsis yog hloov cov tsos mob xwb. Cov txheej txheem no siv tau txawm tias koj tab tom khiav ib qho - chaw nres tsheb punch xovxwm lossis siab - nrawm nrawm tuag nyob rau hauv txoj kab xuas nrig ntaus.

Hom kev ua tsis tiav Yam Tseem Ceeb Kev Cai Kho
Chiping Tsis txaus toughness rau workpiece zog; nruj clearance ua rau theem nrab shear; xuas nrig ntaus-rau- tuag misalignment; Kev kho cua sov tsis tsim nyog tawm hauv nkig khaws cia austenite Hloov mus rau qib nyuaj steel (A2 lossis S7); nce clearance mus rau ntau yam pom zoo; txheeb xyuas qhov sib npaug nrog qhov ntsuas; re-mob los yog hloov nrog cov cua sov kom zoo- kho punch
Galling Tsis muaj lubrication ntawm punch-workpiece interface; punch nto heev ntxhib; reactive workpiece khoom (stainless, aluminium); tsis txaus clearance generating tshaj kub Siv TiCN lossis AlCrN txheej; polish punch thaj av; txhim kho lubrication xa khoom; nce clearance kom txo tau frictional tshav kub buildup
Kev tawg Ntau dhau qhov tsis txhawb nqa punch ntev (ntev - rau - txoj kab nruab nrab siab dhau); overloading los ntawm cov khoom tsis raug lossis ob npaug - ntaus; ua tiav misalignment; hardness siab heev uas tsis muaj toughness Txo qhov ntev tsis txhawb nqa nrog coj stripper; txheeb xyuas tonnage peev; realign punch thiab tuag concentrically; xaiv kev poob siab-cov hlau tsis muaj zog rau kev siv hnyav
Abrasive hnav Workpiece nyuaj los yog ntau dua abrasive dua punch nto; tsis muaj txheej ntawm cov punch khiav abrasive Tshuag; ntau hits ntawm sharpening intervals Txhim kho rau PM steel qib lossis ntxiv PVD txheej; txo cov sij hawm sharpening; txheeb xyuas workpiece hardness phim cov cuab yeej qub specification
Mushrooming Punch tsis zaum tag nrho hauv retainer; thaub qab phaj softer dua lub taub hau punch; xoob coupling lossis fastener tso cai rau kev caij tsheb kauj vab; taub hau hardness tsawg dhau Txheeb xyuas qhov tob ntawm qhov chaw zaum; siv hardened backing phaj txuam los yog tshaj punch taub hau hardness; zawm thiab tshuaj xyuas cov txiv ntoo txuas tsis tu ncua
Slug rub Av ntev luv luv rau cov khoom thickness; tsis muaj lub tshuab nqus tsev-so feature (lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav pin, cua tshuab); magnetized punch tom qab sib tsoo; nruj clearance tsim suction nyhuv Nce av rau 1-3x khoom thickness; ntxiv ejector tus pin los yog huab cua moj tej tawg rau lub ntsej muag punch; demagnetize tom qab txhua sharpening; qhib clearance me ntsis yog nyob rau hauv kam rau ua

Daim ntawv ceeb toom tias ntau hom kev ua tsis tau zoo sib koom ua ke hauv paus. Tight clearance tshwm nyob rau hauv chipping, galling, thiab slug rub. Kev ua tsis zoo ua rau chipping, tawg, thiab hnav tsis sib xws. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias ib qho teeb meem tshwm sim hauv xovxwm lossis kev teeb tsa tuag feem ntau ua rau ntau yam tsos mob ib txhij. Yog tias koj pom chipping ntawm ib qho punch thiab galling ntawm ib qho chaw nyob ib sab hauv tib qhov tuag, tsis txhob kho lawv li teeb meem cais. Saib rau cov hauv paus ntsiab lus sib koom, uas yog nquag nias kev sib raug zoo los yog tshem tawm drift cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov cuab yeej.

Yuav ua li cas Punch Design tiv thaiv qhov tsis zoo

Punch mob tsis yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb xwb. Nws yog ib qho kev tswj xyuas qhov sib txawv uas ncaj qha qhia txog cov khoom tiav. Txhua qhov tsis xws luag ntawm lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag muaj qhov sib xws ntawm cov khoom siv stamped:

  • Hnav tej ntugtsim burr qhov siab ntawm txhua qhov los yog contour lub punch tsim. Raws liTus Fabricator sau tseg, thaum pom qhov loj dua rollover tshwm rau ntawm ntug punched, nws yog lub sij hawm kom ntse. Burrs saum toj qhov kev txwv tsim nyog tsim kev cuam tshuam los ntawm kev sib dhos, kev nyab xeeb kev nyab xeeb thaum tuav ib feem, thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv kev sib tsoo los yog plating.
  • Chiped punchestsim qhov tsis sib xws qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Cov khoom siv ntug uas ploj lawm tsim ib cheeb tsam hauv cheeb tsam uas shearing tsis pib zoo, ua rau lub qhov tsis sib xws geometry thiab cov ntug tsis sib xws. Cov khoom tuaj yeem dhau qhov kev tshuaj xyuas thawj zaug tab sis ua rau muaj teeb meem hauv kev sib dhos thaum fastener haum ua tsis tau.
  • Galled punchestsim qhov nrog ntxhib tha xim sab hauv thiab cov khoom smearing. Cov khoom tsim los ntawm - cov khoom siv ntawm lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag tau hloov pauv txoj kab uas hla thiab geometry nrog txhua qhov stroke, tsim kom muaj kev sib tw zoo uas nyuaj rau ntes yam tsis muaj kev tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua.
  • Slug rubtsim dents ntawm daim ntawv nto thaum lub nqa slug tau nias rau hauv qhov txuas ntxiv. Nws tseem tuaj yeem ua rau lub ntsej muag tuag thiab ua rau cascading tsis ua haujlwm thoob plaws ntau qhov chaw nyob hauv cov cuab yeej nce qib.

Qhov kev sib txuas ntawm cov pwm pwm thiab qhov zoo yog vim li cas kev soj ntsuam yuav tsum tshwm sim ntawm lub tshuab punch chaw nres tsheb, tsis yog ntawm kev soj ntsuam zaum kawg. Thaum lub sij hawm qhov tsis xws luag mus txog qhov kawg ntawm kab, ntau pua lossis ntau txhiab qhov tsis sib haum xeeb tej zaum yuav nyob rau hauv lub bin. Punch presses khiav siab - ntim ntau lawm tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm - cov txheej txheem kev soj ntsuam: taug qab qhov siab ntawm qhov sib txawv, tshuaj xyuas cov slugs rau ob npaug - cov qhab nia shear, thiab ntsuas lub qhov taub cov qauv ntawm lub sijhawm tsis tu ncua. Thaum cov ntsuas no hloov, lub punch qhia koj ib yam dab tsi tau hloov, txawm hais tias nws yog hnav, sib dhos, lossis tshem tawm drift.

Catching tsis ua hauj lwm hom ntxov es tsis tos rau kev puas tsuaj puas tsuaj kuj hloov kev lag luam. Ib qho punch resharpened ntawm thawj kos npe ntawm ntug hnav poob ob peb txhiab ntawm cov khoom siv ib zaug thiab rov qab mus rau kev pabcuam sai. Lub punch khiav mus rau kev puas tsuaj poob nws qhov ntev ua haujlwm tag nrho thiab tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom tuag uas nyob ib sab ntawm txoj kev tawm. Ntu tom ntej no suav nrog raws nraim thaum twg thiab yuav ua li cas rov kho dua, tshuaj xyuas, thiab hloov cov punches kom tsis txhob muaj kev ua tsis tiav los ntawm kev mus txog qhov kev puas tsuaj loj.

Kev tu thiab rov kho dua qhov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws rau Punches thiab Tuag

Lub punch tsis mus los ntawm ntse mus rau tawg nyob rau hauv ib tug stroke. Nws degrades maj mam, thiab lub qhov rais ntawm "tseem txiav huv si" thiab "ua seem" yog qhov kev saib xyuas them rau nws tus kheej. Qhov teeb meem yog tias feem ntau lub khw muag khoom lig dhau lawm. Lawv tos kom txog thaum burrs pom tseeb, qhov chaw ua tsis tiav, lossis cov xovxwm suab txawv. Los ntawm qhov ntawd, ntug tau hnav zoo dhau los ntawm qhov yooj yim- theem rov qab, thiab txhua qhov rov qab tshem tawm cov khoom ntau dua li qhov yuav tsum tau ua.

Thaum twg thiab Yuav Ua Li Cas Resharpen Punches

Qhov ua rau rov kho dua tshiab tsis yog kev puas tsuaj loj. Nws yog thawj qhov ntsuas tau nce hauv qhov siab burr ntawm koj qhov chaw stamped. Mate pom zoo kom sharpening thaum txiav ntug hnav mus rau 0.01-inch (0.25 mm) vojvoog. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawd, lub teeb kov-up rov qab cov ntug nrog cov khoom siv tsawg tsawg. Ncua lub teeb grinds tsis tu ncua outperform tsis nquag hnyav grinds vim hais tias lawv khaws cov txiav geometry los ze zog mus rau nws tsim profile thiab txo cov cumulative tshem tawm cov cuab yeej lub neej.

Txoj kev rov kho dua nws tus kheej yog qhov yooj yim tab sis xav tau kev qhuab qhia:

  • Clamp lub punch square nyob rau hauv ib V-block ntawm cov hlau nplaum chuck ntawm ib tug nto grinder.
  • Tshem tawm xwb0.001 ~ 0.002 nti (0.03 ~ 0.05 hli), rov ua dua kom txog thaum ntse. Tag nrho kev tshem tawm ib zaug yog feem ntau 0.005 txog 0.010 ntiv tes.
  • Siv vitrified bond aluminium oxide log, hardness range D txog J, grain loj 46 txog 60.
  • Siv cov coolant generously thiab ze rau qhov chaw tiv tauj raws li qhov ua tau. Overheating thim rov qab hardness thiab tuaj yeem tsim cov kab nrib pleb uas pom tsis tau tab sis muaj kev puas tsuaj loj heev. Tsaus nti tom qab kev sib tsoo qhia tau hais tias kev puas tsuaj uas txuas mus dhau ntawm qhov chaw, thiab cov cuab yeej yuav tsum tau hloov dua li rov siv dua.
  • Tom qab sib tsoo, maj mam pob zeb txiav cov npoo nrog lub pob zeb roj kom tawm ntawm 0.001 txog 0.002-inch vojvoog. Lub vojvoog me me no faib cov kev ntxhov siab ntawm ntug thiab txo cov flaking uas ua rau rov qab sai dua ntawm cov ntawv xov hlau tshiab tshiab.
  • Demagnetize lub punch thiab siv lub teeb roj lub tsho tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob xeb ua ntej xa rov qab mus rau kev pabcuam lossis cia.

Tag nrho cov nyiaj rov ua dua tshiab nyob ntawm qhov qub punch ntev thiab kev siv av. Thaum sib tsoo sib tsoo tshem tawm cov khoom sib npaug los yog tshaj qhov tsim av ntev, cov punch tsis tuaj yeem khaws cov slugs kom zoo thiab yuav tsum tau so. Rau ib tug raug cov ntawv hlau punch cuab tam nrog ib thaj av ntawm 1 mus rau 3 lub sij hawm cov ntaub ntawv thickness, uas txhais tau hais tias taug qab txhua txhua sib tsoo sib tsoo thiab kaw cumulative tshem tawm.

Kev soj ntsuam thiab hloov cov txheej txheem

Resharpening khaws cov cuab yeej xuas nrig ntaus hlau hauv kev pabcuam, tab sis nws tsis ua rau lawv tsis txawj tuag. Ib qhov dej zoo- tuav tuav tuaj yeem ua taureground 15 mus rau 20 zaug ua ntej hloov, tab sis txhua lub voj voog yuav tsum raug txheeb xyuas raws li kev lees paub meej. Nov yog yam uas yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas tom qab txhua qhov rov ua dua, thiab nyob rau lub sijhawm tsis tu ncua thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom:

  • Ntug mob- Tshawb xyuas hauv qab qhov loj (10x yam tsawg kawg nkaus). Saib rau microchips, hnav cov qauv tsis sib xws, lossis sib tsoo cov cim uas qhia txog kev puas tsuaj rau hauv qab.
  • Txoj kab uas hla- Siv go/no-go gauge los yog micrometer kom paub meej tias cov punch tseem poob rau hauv kev ua siab ntev. Kev sib sau ua ke tuaj yeem txo qis txoj kab uas hla yog tias qhov kev sib tsoo tsis zoo tag nrho.
  • Kev txheeb xyuas qhov ntev- Ntsuas qhov ntev tag nrho thiab muab piv rau tus thawj spec tshem tawm cov ntaub ntawv sib tsoo keeb kwm. Length txiav txim siab kaw qhov siab thiab cuam tshuam rau lub sijhawm nyob rau hauv kev vam meej tuag qhov twg punch pins thiab lwm yam khoom sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov haujlwm meej.
  • Nto tiav- Cov av thiab lub ntsej muag yuav tsum du thiab tsis muaj cov qhab nia lossis adhesion. Rough nto txhawb nqa galling thiab slug rub.
  • Lub taub hau mob- Tshawb xyuas qhov nceb, tawg, lossis deformation los ntawm kev cuam tshuam rov qab rau lub phaj rov qab.

Hloov cov punch thaum ib qho ntawm cov xwm txheej no siv: kev sib tsoo sib tsoo tau siv tag nrho cov av ntev, chipping txuas ntxiv dhau ntawm thaj tsam tam sim ntawd rau hauv lub cev punch, txoj kab uas hla ntog sab nraud ntawm qhov kam rau ua rau lub qhov tshwj xeeb, lossis lub taub hau puas tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob zaum hauv qhov tuav. Tsis txhob sim khaws cov cuab yeej ciam teb rau "tsuas yog ob peb hits ntxiv." Ib qho kev ua tsis tiav uas tawg hauv qhov tuag raug nqi ntau dua nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm poob thiab kev puas tsuaj ntau dua li kev hloov pauv.

Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv thiab Kev Tiv Thaiv

Lub sij hawm punches siv sab nraum qhov tuag tseem ceeb tshaj li cov khw feem ntau paub. Ib tug poob punch yog yuav luag puas ntawm qhov txiav ntug, txawm tias qhov ding tsis pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab. Careless cia qhov twg cov cuab yeej tiv tauj ib leeg tsim ntug nicks uas pib chipping nyob rau hauv load.

Khaws cov punches nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg tiv thaiv raj nrog ua npuas ncauj, paj rwb, los yog ciabkom precision- cov npoo av tsis zoo. Tsis txhob cia txiav xaus qhov twg lub cuab yeej qhov hnyav nyob ntawm nws qhov ntse tshaj plaws. Sau npe rau txhua lub raj lossis qhov nrog cov cim punch, txoj kab uas hla tam sim no, thiab suav rov ua dua kom leej twg rub lub cuab yeej los ntawm cov khoom muag paub meej tias lawv ua haujlwm nrog.

Rau cov khw muag khoom siv tag nrho cov cuab yeej xuas nrig ntaus nrog ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab geometries, kev khaws cia tsis yog kev tu vaj tse. Nws yog kev ruaj ntseg zoo. Lub punch tsis raug ntsia rau hauv qhov chaw nres tsheb tsis raug tsim teeb meem tshem tawm, qhov tsis raug, thiab muaj peev xwm tuag puas tsuaj rau thawj zaug. Ua ke koj lub kaw lus cia nrog lub cav yooj yim uas taug qab txhua lub cuab yeej los ntawm txhua qhov rov qab mus rau cov nyiaj laus.

Kev saib xyuas ua rau tus kheej punches ua haujlwm. Tab sis cov lus nug dav dua, xaiv qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov punch hom, cov khoom siv, geometry, thiab txheej rau ib daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb, yog qhov txiav txim siab seb koj lub sijhawm tu ncua raug ntsuas hauv kaum tawm txhiab hits lossis ntau pua txhiab.

progressive stamping die assembly showing multiple punch stations configured for sequential metal forming operations

Xaiv Txoj Cai Punch rau Koj Daim Ntawv Thov Hlau Stamping Tuag

Txhua ntu ntawm tsab xov xwm no taw qhia rau tib qhov kev txiav txim siab: kev ua haujlwm punch tsis yog tswj los ntawm ib qho kev sib txawv. Cov qib steel tseem ceeb, tab sis tsis nyob hauv kev sib cais los ntawm geometry. Coatings ncua lub neej, tab sis tsis yog hais tias clearance yog lawm. Kev saib xyuas khaws cia zoo, tab sis tsis yog tias tus qauv tsim yog qhov tsis zoo rau lub workpiece. Kev kho tiag tiag rau kev hnav ntxov ntxov yog cov txheej txheem xaiv cov txheej txheem uas suav nrog tag nrho cov xwm txheej no ua ke, ua ntu zus, ua ntej thawj zaug ntaus av ntawm cov xovxwm tuag.

Kev txiav txim siab variables rau Punch xaiv

Thaum qhia txog qhov punch tshiab lossis teeb meem kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, ua haujlwm los ntawm cov kev hloov pauv no hauv kev txiav txim. Txhua kauj ruam nqaim lub teb thiab ua raws li qhov kev txiav txim yav dhau los:

  1. Txheeb xyuas hom kev ua haujlwm.Puas yog cov punch txiav (piercing, blanking, notching) los yog sib sau (bending, drawing, coining)? Kev txiav cov haujlwm xav tau cov npoo ntse thiab hnav- cov hlau tsis muaj zog. Kev tsim cov haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj qhov toughness thiab nto tiav.
  2. Characterize lub workpiece khoom thiab thickness.Mos aluminium ntawm 0.5 hli thiab 1400 MPa martensitic steel ntawm 1.5 hli yuam kev sib txawv kiag li ntawm cov cuab yeej hlau stamping. Cov khoom siv zog thiab abrasiveness txiav txim siab qib steel yam tsawg kawg nkaus thiab seb lub txheej yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua lossis xaiv tau.
  3. Txiav txim siab yuav tsum tau tshem tawm.Siv cov khoom siv- cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb los ntawm cov ntu dhau los ua qhov pib. Qhov tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv ib feem kam rau ua, xav tau ntug zoo, thiab nias rigidity. Tighter tolerances ntawm lub qhov loj thawb mus rau tighter clearances tab sis ua rau kom cov cuab yeej kev nyuaj siab.
  4. Xaiv cov khoom xuas nrig ntaus qib.Match toughness yuav tsum ua ntej, ces ntxiv hnav tsis kam. D2 rau kev ua haujlwm dav dav, S7 rau kev poob siab, PM qib rau abrasive lossis siab -cov ntawv muaj zog. Cia lub workpiece dictate steel, tsis yog nyiaj txiag ib leeg.
  5. Xaiv geometry thiab point style raws li lub zog thiab kev xav tau zoo.Pav ca-lub ntsej muag rau symmetry- qhov tseem ceeb. Ib leeg-shear lossis ru- sab saum toj rau quab yuam- txwv cov xovxwm lossis siab - cov ntaub ntawv muaj zog. Teem thaj av ntev thiab rov qab taper raws li cov khoom thickness thiab slug-retention xav tau.
  6. Ntsuas txheej raws li qhov xav tau ua tsis tiav hom.Yog tias qhov kev pheej hmoo tseem ceeb yog galling, xaiv TiCN lossis AlCrN. Yog hais tias abrasive hnav dominates, TiN los yog TiAlN. Yog tias tsis muaj ib qho kev ua tsis tau zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb, qhov dav dav - lub hom phiaj TiN ntawm 4-5 micrometers yog lub hauv paus suab.

Qhov kev ua tiav no ua haujlwm txawm tias koj tab tom teev cov txheej txheem catalog punch rau lub tshuab xovxwm yooj yim tuag lossis engineering kev cai tuag punch rau cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm nyuaj. Lub logic nyob twj ywm tib yam. Qhov kev hloov pauv yog qhov nyuaj ntawm txhua lo lus teb.

Ua hauj lwm nrog Custom Stamping Die Specialists

Txheem catalog punches tuav ib feem loj ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntau lawm. Tab sis thaum geometries tau complex, tolerances nruj raws li tus qauv ntau yam, los yog workpiece cov ntaub ntawv thawb mus rau siab heev - zog cheeb tsam, tawm - lub - txee cov cuab yeej ntaus lawv txwv. Qhov ntawd yog qhov kev cai hlau stamping tuag tshwj xeeb ua qhov tseem ceeb.

Yuav ua li cas cais ib tug muaj peev xwm tooling khub los ntawm ib tug khoom tsum? Nrhiav cov peev txheej no:

  • System- theem kev txawj ntse- Lub peev xwm los tsim tsis yog lub punch xwb, tab sis tag nrho cov qauv tuag: clearances, cov khoom ntws, stripping rog, thiab burr tswj raws li ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke.
  • Kev them nyiaj yug tag nrho lifecycle- Kev taw qhia los ntawm kev tsim thawj zaug los ntawm kev ua kom zoo tshaj plaws thiab kev saib xyuas cov lus pom zoo, tsis yog xa cov khoom tiav lawm xwb.
  • Khoom siv thiab txheej txheem kev paub- Kev paub nrog cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb workpiece thiab cov ntim ntau lawm hauv koj lub lag luam, suav nrog kev cai tuag txiav punch cov kev daws teeb meem rau cov tsis yog - tus qauv profiles.

Rau cov engineers uas tau ua haujlwm dhau los ntawm cov ntsiab lus hauv cov kab lus no thiab xav tau tus khub rau kev siv,YICENmuaj kev cai stamping tuag daws yuav tsum npog cov punch tsim, tuag qauv, clearance optimization, thiab cov khoom ntws. Lawv engineering- thawj txoj hauv kev hais txog tag nrho cov kab ke es tsis yog cov khoom sib cais, uas yog raws nraim qhov kev xav ntawm tsab xov xwm no tau tsim rau.

Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov punch thiab tuag cov tuam txhab uas xa cov txiaj ntsig thiab cov neeg uas tsuas yog sau cov lus txiav txim yog seb lawv puas kho cov punch ua ib feem ntawm ib leeg lossis ua ib lub hauv paus hauv qhov system uas yuav tsum ua ua ke. Cov neeg koom tes zoo tshaj plaws tawm tsam koj qhov kev xav, ua pov thawj koj cov kev xaiv tshem tawm, thiab pom zoo cov hlau thiab txheej txheej ua ke raws li lawv daim teb cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov ntawv thov zoo sib xws.

Muab tag nrho ua ke

Yog tias muaj ib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus uas txuas txhua ntu ntawm kab lus no, nws yog qhov no:

Punch kev ua tau zoo yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov system. Cov khoom siv, geometry, clearance, txheej, xovxwm, thiab kev saib xyuas kev sib cuam tshuam tsis tu ncua. Optimizing ib qho sib txawv thaum tsis quav ntsej lwm tus ua rau txo qis rov qab los ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab ua kom tsis zoo thaum phem tshaj. Kev kho tiag tiag rau kev hnav ntxov ntxov tsis yog ib qho kev hloov pauv. Nws tau txais tag nrho qhov system zoo.

Txawm hais tias koj tab tom khiav ib qho yooj yim ib zaug - chaw nres tsheb tuag xovxwm lossis 30-chaw nres tsheb nce qib, cov physics tsis hloov. Lub punch nkag mus rau hauv cov khoom siv, tawg pib, thiab txhua yam koj teev saum toj kawg nkaus txiav txim siab seb puas tawg ua rau ib qho huv si lossis qhov teeb meem zoo. Ua hauj lwm los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov systematically, koom tes nrog cov kws tshaj lij thaum daim ntawv thov xav tau, thiab kho cov punch tu raws li kev ua haujlwm zoo dua li cov lus teb tawg. Qhov ntawd yog li cas stamping tuag punches nres hnav sai dhau thiab pib xa cov cuab yeej lub neej koj lub sijhawm tsim khoom tiag tiag xav tau.

Cov lus nug nquag nug txog Stamping Tuag Punches

1. Dab tsi ua rau stamping tuag punches hnav ua ntej ntxov?

Kev hnav khaub ncaws ntxov ntxov feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam kev cuam tshuam tsis yog ib qho laj thawj. Cov neeg koom nrog feem ntau suav nrog cov punch tsis raug-rau- tuag tshem tawm (tshwj xeeb yog nruj heev), cov cuab yeej tsis sib xws rau cov khoom siv ua haujlwm, kev kho cua sov tsis raug tawm hauv cov khoom siv austenite, nias misalignment uas tsim cov khoom tsis sib xws, thiab tos ntev heev ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab. Kev hais txog kev hnav tsoos tsho yuav tsum muaj qhov system-theem mus kom ze uas ntsuas cov khoom xaiv, geometry, clearance, txheej, thiab xovxwm ua ke. Kev cai stamping tuag cov kws tshaj lij zoo li YICHEN tuaj yeem pab cov kws ua haujlwm txhim kho cov kev hloov pauv no raws li kev sib koom ua ke ntau dua li kev kho txhua tus nyob hauv kev sib cais.

2. Kuv yuav xaiv qhov kev tshem tawm li cas rau kuv cov punch thiab tuag teeb?

Kev xaiv tshem tawm feem ntau nyob ntawm cov khoom siv ua haujlwm thiab thickness. Pib nrog cov lus qhia nram no: cov hlau me me ntawm 5-8% ntawm cov khoom tuab, stainless hlau ntawm 6-10%, aluminium ntawm 3-5%, tooj liab thiab tooj dag ntawm 3-6%, thiab high-strength steels ntawm 8-12%. Cov no yog cov ntsiab lus pib uas yuav tsum tau hloov kho raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, qhov xav tau ntawm ntug zoo, thiab nias nruj. Nco ntsoov tias clearance yog dynamic nyob rau hauv load. Xovxwm deflection, hnav gibs, thiab misaligned phau ntawv pins tuaj yeem hloov pauv koj qhov kev tshem tawm tau zoo los ntawm qhov ntsuas tau zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum stamping qib AHSS ntawm ntau dua tonnages.

3. Dab tsi yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov cuab yeej hlau rau stamping tuag punches?

Tsis muaj ib qho zoo tshaj plaws hlau vim tias qhov kev xaiv zoo nyob ntawm koj cov khoom siv ua haujlwm thiab hom kev ua haujlwm. D2 yog qhov dav dav -lub hom phiaj ua haujlwm rau cov hlau me me stamping ntawm 54-61 HRC. A2 muaj qhov zoo dua toughness rau ntev punches thiab nruab nrab poob siab loads. S7 tuav hnyav blanking qhov twg cuam tshuam qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. M2 siab-ceev steel suits siab-kev ua haujlwm ceev ua kom muaj kev sib txhuam kub. CPM-10V thiab lwm cov hmoov hlau metallurgy qib xa cov khoom hnyav hnyav rau cov hlau abrasive lossis siab zog siab. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog ua kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj zog ua ntej, tom qab ntawd ntxiv kev hnav tsis kam los ntawm cov coatings lossis kev kho deg.

4. Yuav ua li cas ntau zaus stamping tuag punches reharpened?

Resharpen thaum txiav cov npoo hnav mus rau 0.01-inch (0.25 mm) vojvoog, uas feem ntau qhia tau tias yog thawj qhov ntsuas tau nce hauv qhov siab ntawm qhov chaw stamped. Tsis txhob tos kom pom kev puas tsuaj lossis kev puas tsuaj loj. Thaum lub sij hawm rov kho dua, tshem tawm tsuas yog 0.001 txog 0.002 ntiv tes rau ib qho kev sib tsoo nrog cov khoom siv dav dav kom tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj thaum tshav kub kub. Lub punch zoo tuaj yeem rov ua dua 15 mus rau 20 zaug ua ntej hloov. Taug qab cov ntaub ntawv tshem tawm thiab so tawm lub punch ib zaug tag nrho kev sib tsoo tshaj qhov tsim av ntev, vim nws tsis tuaj yeem khaws cov slugs kom zoo tshaj qhov ntawd.

5. Puas yog PVD coatings ua tau ntev lub neej ntawm lub tshuab stamping?

Yog, tab sis tsuas yog thaum cov cuab yeej siv hauv qab yog qhov tseeb. PVD coatings zoo li TiN, TiCN, AlCrN, thiab TiAlN txo kev sib txhuam, tiv thaiv cov khoom tuaj, thiab hnav tsis zoo. Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj qhia txog kev txhim kho ntawm 10,000 txog 250,000 qhov chaw nrog cov txheej txheem zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, coatings muab cov kev txiav txim siab zoo es tsis them nyiaj rau qhov phem. Yog tias kev tshem tawm tsis ncaj ncees lawm, kev sib raug zoo raug kaw, lossis lub hauv paus hlau tsis tsim nyog, txheej txheej tsuas yog muab kev pab ib ntus xwb. Xaiv cov coatings raws li qhov tseem ceeb tsis ua hauj lwm hom: TiCN los yog AlCrN rau galling, TiN los yog TiAlN rau abrasive hnav, thiab polished TiN rau mos- khoom buildup.

Xa kev nug