1 Keeb kwm thiab qhov tseem ceeb
Raws li "dual-carbon" lub tswv yim thiab kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev lag luam tshiab lub zog tsheb (NEV), lub teeb yuag tau dhau los ua qhov kev loj hlob tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam tsheb. Cov khoom siv hlau tsoos, vim lawv qhov hnyav thiab cov nqi ua haujlwm, tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm kev tsav tsheb ntev thiab kev siv zog. Aluminum alloys, featuring low density, high specific strength, and excellent corrosion resistance, have become an ideal alternative.
Integrated tuag-casting thev naus laus zis txo cov naj npawb ntawm qhov chaw, txo cov ntsiab lus vuam, txhim kho cov txheej txheem muaj zog, thiab ua kom lub voj voog ntau lawm. Txawm li cas los xij, cov pa txhuas txhuas tuag-castings feem ntau xav tau tom qab-casting kev kho cua sov kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau cov khoom siv, uas ua rau kom muaj qhov deformation, kev siv hluav taws xob ntau, thiab cov nqi tsim khoom ntau ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, kev tshawb fawb thiab kev siv cov cua sov-kev kho mob-dawb aluminium alloys yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho kev sib tw ntawm NEV kev lag luam thiab txhawb kev tsim khoom lag luam.
2 Thaum tshav kub kub-Kev kho mob-Aluminum Alloy Design
2.1 Cov Cai Tsim Qauv
Kev tsim cov cua sov-kev kho mob-dawb aluminium alloys yuav tsum xyuas kom meej:
Dimension stability thiab corrosion kuj;
Zoo fluidity thiab pwm filling peev xwm;
Uniform tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab ruaj khov microstructure;
Tus nqi -kev ua tau zoo thiab kev siv tau zoo.
2.2 Al-Si Alloys
Al-Si alloys yog cov siv ntau tshaj plaws vim lawv qhov zoo tshaj plaws castability thiab seem stability. Kev tshawb fawb qhia tias:
Si txhim kho hardness thiab hnav tsis kam, tab sis ntau dhau Si nce brittleness;
Fe nyiam tsim koob -zoo li tus intermetallic, uas tuaj yeem nruab nrab los ntawm Mn;
Mg pab txhawb kom muaj zog- kev daws teeb meem, txawm tias cov ntsiab lus ntau dhau los txo cov kev tiv thaiv corrosion;
Sr thiab Ti / B kho cov nplej thiab txhim kho cov khoom siv kho tshuab.
Tus sawv cev alloys suav nrog Castasil 37 thiab C611 hauv Tebchaws Europe, Aural series hauv Canada, Tesla Alloy hauv Asmeskas, thiab JDA1 thiab LDHM-02 hauv Suav teb. Cov alloys feem ntau pom muaj lub zog siab thiab zoo elongation, ua rau lawv haum rau cov qauv tsheb.
2.3 Al-Mg Alloys
Al-Mg alloys paub txog lawv cov kev tiv thaiv corrosion thiab muaj peev xwm muaj zog, tab sis lawv cov fluidity kuj tsis zoo. Cov txheej txheem tsim qauv tseem ceeb muaj xws li:
Ntxiv Si los txhim kho castability;
Qhia me me ntawm Zn los txhim kho cov khoom zoo- kev daws teeb meem;
Siv Be los txo cov oxide zaj duab xis tsim thiab kub tawg.
Tus sawv cev alloys suav nrog 560 series (Canada), A152 / A153 (US), Magsimal 59 (Nyiv), thiab SJTU series (Tuam Tshoj). Cov alloys sib npaug zog thiab ductility, ua rau lawv haum rau chassis thiab lub cev.
2.4 Lwm yam Alloy Systems
Al-Ce-Mg-Si alloys: Tsis tshua muaj- Earth Ce txhim kho thermal stability thiab corrosion kuj;
GDAS alloys: Tsim kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo dua;
Siab-entropy alloy lub tswv yim: Ntau- qauv tsim ua kom muaj kev ruaj khov thiab ua haujlwm siab.
3 Kev txhim kho thiab txheej txheem ntawm kev sib koom ua ke tuag- Casting
3.1 Technological Evolution
Ib qho - kev sib xyaw ua ke: Hloov cov khoom me me los ua ke;
Ib leeg- sab kev koom ua ke: Ib feem ntawm lub tsheb lub cev ncej kev koom ua ke;
Muab ob npaug rau- sab kev koom ua ke: Ib txhij sib sau ntawm sab laug- txoj cai symmetrical qhov chaw;
Loj - kev sib xyaw ua ke: Tag nrho lub nraub qaum hauv qab tuag-casting, pioneered los ntawm Tesla.
3.2 Cov Txheej Txheem Tseem Ceeb
Kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias: ruaj khov yaj thiab pwm kub kom zoo ib yam filling thiab txias;
Kev txhaj tshuaj nrawm: Kev txhaj tshuaj maj mam ua kom cov pwm puv, thaum txhaj tshuaj sai txo qhov porosity thiab txias kaw;
Nqus thiab nqus tsev vacuum: Kev kub siab ua kom ceev ceev, thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum minimizes porosity thiab casting defects.
3.3 Qhov zoo thiab qhov txwv
Cov txiaj ntsig zoo: Kev tsim kho kom yooj yim, txo qhov hnyav, txhim kho kev ntseeg siab;
Kev txwv: Cov khoom siv siab xav tau, txwv pwm lub neej, nqaim txheej txheem qhov rai.
4 Cov khoom siv thiab pwm ua kom zoo
Ultra-loj tuag- cov cav tov nrog lub zog clamping xws li 6000 txog 9000 tons tau tsim los ua kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm cov tsheb loj lub cev. Txawm li cas los xij, cov teeb meem tseem nyob:
Precision thiab stability ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tshuab;
Pwm thermal tshuav nyiaj li cas thiab txias tsim;
Lub neej luv pwm thiab cov nqi kho mob siab.
Kev txhim kho yav tom ntej yuav vam khom kev tswj hwm kev tuag- cov cav tov, ua kom zoo dua pwm cua txias channel tsim, thiab kev txhim kho cov pwm steel siab heev.
5 Kev Sib Tw thiab Yav Tom Ntej Outlook
Cov ntaub ntawv: Kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm cov alloys nrog lub zog sib npaug, ductility, thiab corrosion kuj yuav tsum tau;
Txheej Txheem: Cov lej simulation thiab kev tswj xyuas ntse yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim khoom ruaj khov;
Cov Khoom Siv: Kev txhim kho hauv qhov tseeb thiab pwm lub neej yog qhov tseem ceeb;
Daim Ntawv Thov: Kev nthuav dav tshaj li tsheb thauj mus los hauv kev tsheb ciav hlau thiab aerospace yuav tsum tau ua.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus, tshav kub-kev kho mob-dawb txhuas alloy integrated tuag-casting technology yog tsav lub teeb yuag tsim thiab sustainable manufacturing nyob rau hauv lub NEV sector. Nrog rau yav tom ntej kev ua tiav hauv kev txhim kho alloy, kev tswj cov txheej txheem, thiab cov cuab yeej hloov kho dua tshiab, cov thev naus laus zis no xav kom pom cov kev siv dav hauv tsheb, tsheb ciav hlau, thiab kev lag luam aerospace.
